Vimanarcanakalpa
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The VimΔnΔrcanΔkalpa is a 10th to 11th century text on Hatha yoga, attributed to the sage Marichi.
Contents
β’ Text
β’ Notes
β’ References
β’ Sources
β’ Primary
β’ Secondary
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Text
The Vimanarcanakalpa is a 10th to 11th century prose textcite-ref-footnotemarichi1926-1-0[1]cite-ref-2[2] on Hatha yoga, attributed to the sage Marichi.cite-ref-mallinson-2011-3-0[3] It states that yoga is the union of the individual with the supreme self.cite-ref-footnotemallinsonsingleton201721-4-0[4]
It is one of the earliest texts to describe a non-seated asana and to call such postures asanas (the term originally and literally meaning a seat), namely Mayurasana the peacock pose. In chapter 96 it describes nine asanas in all (Brahmasana, Svastikasana, Padmasana, Gomukhasana, Simhasana, Muktasana, Virasana,cite-ref-5[a] Bhadrasana, and Mayurasana), some 500 years before the Hatha Yoga Pradipika.cite-ref-footnotemallinsonsingleton201787-100-101-6-0[5] Its account of Mayurasana, in James Mallinson's translation, is:
Fix the palms of the hands on the floor, place the elbows on either side of the navel, raise the head and feet and remain in the air like a staff. This is the peacock posture.cite-ref-footnotemallinsonsingleton2017101-7-0[6]
The text teaches a method of pratyahara, withdrawal using the breath, which is raised through 18 stages called marmans, vital points.cite-ref-footnotemallinsonsingleton2017174-190-285-296-8-0[7]
The Vimanarcanakalpa describes other topics, such as the practice of burying sacred bronze objects to protect them in times of trouble.cite-ref-9[8]
Notes
References
cite-note-footnotemarichi1926-11. β Marichi 1926.
cite-note-22. β citerefhuesken2002Huesken, Ute (2 November 2002). "VaikhAnasa saMhitAs". Ramanuja.org. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
cite-note-mallinson-2011-33. β citerefmallinson2011Mallinson, James (9 December 2011). "A Response to Mark Singleton's Yoga Body by James Mallinson". Retrieved 4 January 2019. revised from American Academy of Religions conference, San Francisco, 19 November 2011.
cite-note-footnotemallinsonsingleton201721-44. β Mallinson & Singleton 2017, p. 21.
cite-note-footnotemallinsonsingleton201787-100-101-65. β Mallinson & Singleton 2017, pp. 87, 100β101.
cite-note-footnotemallinsonsingleton2017101-76. β Mallinson & Singleton 2017, p. 101.
cite-note-footnotemallinsonsingleton2017174-190-285-296-87. β Mallinson & Singleton 2017, pp. 174, 190, 285, 296.
cite-note-98. β citerefnagaswamyNagaswamy, R. "Eslam Bronzes and Copper-plates". Tamil Arts Academy. Retrieved 1 February 2019. he Vimanarcanakalpa, (Marici text) published in Madras, 1926, Chapter 70, pp. 435-439, gives in detail the process of concealing metal images in times of emergency and restoring them to worship. The chapter is titled Bhaya-raksartham Niskrtih.
Sources
Primary
Secondary
β’ citerefmallinsonsingleton2017Mallinson, James; Singleton, Mark (2017). Roots of Yoga. Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-241-25304-5. OCLC 928480104.